State Ledger
State profile

Pennsylvania FIPS 42

Population
12,970,650
Median household income
$67,587
Nonfarm employment
6,191,600
Business establishments
307,065

State Highlights

Largest employer sector
Health care and social assistance
1,142,207 employees
Business concentration
20.0%
of private employment in Health care and social assistance
Home prices, 1 year
+4.7%
FHFA
Federal outlays per capita
$17,160.12
USASpending.gov

Economy & Labor

Total nonfarm employment

BLS Current Employment Statistics, not seasonally adjusted · persons · 20 months available · latest observation: August 2026
Employment ratio
48.4%
employed ÷ population
Unemployed population (ACS)
367,296
Vs. July
▼ 3,300
Business density
24.0 per 1,000
establishments per capita

Leading Industries

Leading industries by employment

Ranked by private-sector employment, same measure as the Business & Industry tab · see the full breakdown there
1 Health care and social assistance 1,142,207 employees
2 Retail trade 650,539 employees
3 Manufacturing 564,394 employees
4 Accommodation and food services 474,507 employees
5 Professional, scientific, and technical services 378,845 employees

Leading Public Companies

Top 5 by latest reported revenue

SEC EDGAR / XBRL Company Facts · see the full listing on the Public Companies tab
$321.33B
Wholesale-Drugs, Proprietaries & Druggists' Sundries
$123.71B
Cable & Other Pay Television Services
$23.51B
Wholesale-Electrical Apparatus & Equipment, Wiring Supplies
National Commercial Banks
$18.21B
Life Insurance

Population & People

Homeownership rate
69.2%
3.56M of 5.15M occupied homes are owner-occupied

Population by age

U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year estimate (table B01001) · reconciles to total population
0–17
2.70M · 20.9%
18–24
1.15M · 8.9%
25–34
1.70M · 13.1%
35–44
1.56M · 12.0%
45–54
1.65M · 12.7%
55–64
1.84M · 14.2%
65–74
1.37M · 10.6%
75+
986.9K · 7.6%

Housing & Real Estate

Median home value
$197,300
Median gross rent
$1,013 / month
Vacancy rate
10.1%
Total housing units
5.73M
Owner-occupied homes
3.56M
Renter-occupied homes
1.59M
Home prices, 1 year
+4.7%
Home prices, 5 years
+44.2%
Latest FHFA period
2026 Q2

ACS: 2021 ACS 5-year · FHFA: 2026 Q2

ACS housing estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau — median home value reflects owner-reported value, not a current sale price. House-price changes are from the FHFA All-Transactions House Price Index, a measure of price appreciation over time, not a home-value estimate.

Federal Spending

Total federal outlays
$219.74B
Outlays per capita
$17,160.12
Total prime award value
$255.09B

Source: USASpending.gov · specific reporting period not published in this dataset